Exploring the Armenian Genocide Memorial Complex in Yerevan
In memory of 1.5 million massacred Armenians
Overlooking the city of Yerevan, Armenia, lies a place of solemn remembrance and historical significance—the Armenian Genocide Memorial Complex.
The Armenian Genocide, perpetrated by armed troops of the Ottoman Empire during World War I, saw over 1.5 million ethnic Armenians systematically killed through massacres, forced marches, and deportations.
This tragic event, beginning in 1915 and continuing until 1922, targeted Armenians for their ethnicity and Christian faith.
Despite Turkey’s denial of genocide, the Armenian Genocide is recognised by numerous countries and scholars as a significant humanitarian catastrophe. The genocide remains a poignant symbol of injustice and a call for global recognition and remembrance of its victims.
Standing as a testament to resilience and memory, the Armenian Genocide Memorial Complex poignantly reminds visitors of the tragic events that occurred to the Armenian people during the early 20th century. Visiting this site is not merely a touristic endeavour but a journey through history, a tribute to those who perished, and a commitment never to forget.
Tsitsernakaberd hill
The Armenian Genocide Memorial Complex, commonly known as Tsitsernakaberd, is situated on a hill overlooking the city of Yerevan. It offers visitors a panoramic view of the urban landscape below.
The complex covers 4,500 square metres and consists of three main monuments, formally called the Temple of Eternity, the Memorial Wall, and the Memorial Pillar. Work on these began in 1965 during the Soviet era, with the final work ending in 1995.
Receiving hundreds of thousands of visitors from across the globe every year, the complex consists of several distinct elements, each contributing to the narrative of remembrance and commemoration.
At its heart stands the towering Genocide Memorial (Memorial Pillar), an architectural masterpiece designed by architects Arthur Tarkhanyan, Sashur Kalashyan, and artist Yuri Harutyunyan. Shaped like a massive stone obelisk, it symbolises the undying spirit of the Armenian people rising from the ashes of tragedy.
As visitors enter the heart of the Temple of Eternity, they are greeted by an eternal flame—a symbol of hope and remembrance that burns incessantly 365 days of the year in honour of the victims. Surrounding the monument, a tranquil park adorned with lush greenery provides a serene setting for contemplation and reflection.
Stone slabs engraved with the names of towns and villages lost during the genocide serve as a poignant reminder of the scale of the tragedy and the communities forever altered by it.
The museum
One of the most moving aspects of the Armenian Genocide Memorial Complex is the Museum of Armenian Genocide, completed in 1995 and located adjacent to the memorial.
Here, visitors can delve deep into the history of the Armenian genocide through a collection of artefacts, photographs, and personal testimonies.
The museum chronicles the events leading up to the genocide, the atrocities committed against the Armenian people, and the global response to this humanitarian crisis. It is a sombre yet essential educational experience that sheds light on a dark chapter of human history.
12 slabs
Throughout the Armenian Genocide Memorial Complex, symbolism abounds, with each element carefully chosen to convey a specific message.
For instance, the 12 inwardly canted granite slabs surrounding the eternal flame in the Temple of Eternity represent the 12 provinces of historical Western Armenia lost to Turkey and symbolise mourning in memory of the victims. In contrast, the erect Memorial Pillar monument symbolises the rebirth of the Armenian nation.
The entire flooring leading to the eternal flame slopes intentionally to compel visitors to pay homage to the departed souls.
The Genocide Pillar is adorned with a 12-pointed star, symbolising the Armenian national identity. Every detail serves to honour the memory of the victims and reaffirm the Armenian people’s determination to preserve their cultural heritage despite the immense suffering endured.
Beyond its historical significance, the Armenia Genocide Memorial Complex serves as a focal point for collective mourning and remembrance.
April 24 commemoration
Every year on April 24th, Armenians from around the world gather at Tsitsernakaberd to commemorate the anniversary of the genocide. The solemnity of the occasion is palpable as visitors lay flowers at the memorial, offer prayers for the souls of the departed, and reaffirm their commitment to seeking justice and recognition for the atrocities committed against their ancestors.
In recent years, efforts to raise awareness about the Armenian Genocide have gained momentum on the global stage, thanks in part to the advocacy of the Armenian diaspora and the tireless work of activists and scholars.
The Armenian Genocide Memorial Complex stands as a testament to their perseverance and dedication to ensuring that the world never forgets the horrors of the past. It is a place of pilgrimage for Armenians and non-Armenians alike, a place where the voices of the victims echo through the corridors of time, urging us never to disregard injustice.
Visiting the Armenian Genocide Memorial Complex (entry is free) is not merely a tourism activity but an act of remembrance, solidarity, and empathy. It is a chance to witness history, honour the memory of the millions who perished, and reaffirm present-day Armenians’ commitment to the principles of justice, equality, and human rights.
As the eternal flame burns brightly atop the hill overlooking Yerevan, it serves as a beacon of hope amidst the darkness, reminding us that the human spirit endures even in the face of unspeakable tragedy.
Featured image: The 12 inwardly canted granite stone slabs symbolise mourning in memory of the Armenian Genocide victims. Credit: Arnold Pinto
Last Updated on 6 months by Arnold Pinto
